The Cement Cartel

Thirty Years on the Rack: Pakistan’s Cement Cartel, the CCP, the Khaki Conglomerate, and the High Cost of Collusion.

Over roughly three decades, Pakistan’s cement industry has moved from nationalized shortage to private surplus, but its defining constant has been cartelization: coordinated price-fixing, quota-setting, and market allocation under the umbrella of the All Pakistan Cement Manufacturers Association (APCMA). Regulators have repeatedly documented collusion, …